The Demographic Transition Definition in Sociology
But along with basic healthcare, an expanded education system, gender equality, and technological advances in the areas of food production and sanitation also work to decrease the death rate. Some African countries have stagnated at the second stage, for lack of industrial development. And that relation is the focus of demographic transition based on the studies, done in 1929, by the American demographer Warren Thompson. As with all models, the demographic transition model has its problems. Working women have less time to raise children especially in societies were fathers make little or no contribution to child- raising. Some Caribbean demographic transitions are also in accordance with stage three of European demographic transition where birth rates are also on the decline and projected population growth rates are very small.
Even though birth rates stay the same, the fact that there are fewer deaths means that population increases very quickly. Valuation of women beyond childbearing and motherhood becomes important. In fact, perhaps the most important factor here was increased female literacy allied with public health education programs in the late 19th. This was the condition in almost all parts of the world till the end of the 1700s. But, only if you don't know what to look for. However, fertility rates continued at a high level. It can be applied to all countries in the world.
The supply of improves sanitation, water and food production improved in quality and quantity. These were met in part by the ruling whites and led to improvements in health and allowed for an increase in the life expectancy of the non-white population. Subsequently, the four stages of demographic transition include: Stage one This stage is usually associated with pre-modern times. Afghanistan has a very high illiteracy rate and limited educational opportunities for women, both indicators towards a high birth rate. But the greatest similarity concerns the fertility behavior of both populations at different times with respect to infant mortality.
Statistic 1 Statistic 2 Statistic 3 Cultural Makeup 13. This is concurrent with stage two in the development which saw similar type of figures. Industrialization creates a demographic transition in which birth rates decline and the average age of the population increases. The birth rates fall rapidly to perhaps 16 per 1000 people. These four stages of demographic transition can be explained suitably with the help of Fig. Initially it was not a problem for European societies because it had a positive effect on economic growth.
Another important factor was the emancipation of the women, which enabled the women to follow their own careers rather than just bearing children. The European demographic transition theory did not take into consideration Caribbean social reality and was therefore ineffective when it came to describing our society. Several decades later, there was a decline in the death rates Hussain et al, 2015. Please take note that the increase in population growth here was not triggered by having high fertility rate, rather, it is the deterioration of death rate of population of a country within year Montgomery, 2002. The East Indians had a very patriarchal view on family which promoted large extended families in which men were the head of the household and which naturally led to an increase in the East Indian population. This theory is known as demographic transition because it will require a period of transition in order to adjust with the imbalance resulted from a fall in death rate and a more or less stable birth rate.
The demographic transition model Research Paper Example : crowdfynd.com
It is based on the experience of industrialisation and does not originally include the fifth stage. Such situations are not explained by this model. The model has five stages. This suggests that very little population growth occurs. The number of deaths in one year are divided by the population and that figure is multiplied by 1000. India is now in the second stage of demographic transition where it has been able to reduce the death rate considerably but is facing a tardy fall in its birth rate. Demographic transition is analyzed using the demographic transition model.
The decline in the death rate in Europe began in the late 18th. The population now stabilises as the natural increase is low. This trend is intensified as this increasing number of children enter into reproduction while maintaining the high fertility rate of their parents. The availability of food supply determined the number of living population; a drought or famine would result in many deaths of young and old. All this resulted in a big population growth. Note that changes with economic development, as shown by Niger and India.
The income of the majority of the population was low, approximating that of less industrialized countries today. Changing fertility rates Use the World Bank data to explore changing world fertility rates from 1960 to present day. The model helps to explain what has happened and why it has happened in that particular sequence, because it is also easy to understand. In general, both birth rates and death rates are high, but stable, so the overall population does not change very dramatically. Well, in 1929, a demographer by the name of Warren Thompson noticed a pattern in birth and death rates over the previous 200 years.
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The term was first coined by the American demographer Frank W. Another characteristic of Stage Two of the demographic transition is a change in the age structure of the population. It continues to decline under the impact of better organisation and improving medical knowledge and care. This statement is true because the theory and model predicts what European countries have gone through not what all countries and nations would go through. Improvements may have also been made to accommodation or food and water supply. Unfortunately it does not include all countries in their development.
The African saw a dramatic increase their population due to their matrifocal views on family which promotes in fertility which they were now given freedom to exercise. With so few females living to reproduction, only a high fertility rate could maintain the population. As such, the total population of a country in Stage 2 will rise because births outnumber deaths, not because the birth rate is rising. Many reasons like family planning, urbanization, change in economic sectors with better remuneration or wages , change in the role and status of women after being literate in society, medicines assuring longevity of life result in decreased fertility rates, as parents do not fear early deaths of their sons, use of contraceptives even though limited , change in traditional values or thinking patterns. So, that's a lot of social change, and as a result, the population growth of stage two tends to level out in stage three.
